Anatomy & Physiology

Anatomy & Physiology Module 1   
Human Body and Chemical Level of Organization  

• Overview of Anatomy and Physiology
• Structural Organization of the Human Body
• Functions of Human Life
• Requirements for Human Life
• Homeostasis
• Anatomical Terminology
• Medical Imaging
• Elements and Atoms
• Chemical Bonds and Reactions
• Inorganic and Organic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning

Anatomy & Physiology Module 2   
Cellular and Tissue Organization  

• Cell Membrane
• Cytoplasm and Cellular Organelles
• Nucleus and DNA Replication
• Protein Synthesis
• Cell Growth and Division
• Cellular Differentiation
• Types of Tissues
• Epithelial Tissue
• Connective Tissue Mediates Perception and Response
• Tissue Injury and Aging

Anatomy & Physiology Module 3 
The Integumentary System, Bone Tissue and Skeletal System  

• Layers of the Skin
• Accessory Structures of the Skin
• Functions of the Integumentary System
• Diseases, Disorders and Injuries
• Functions of the Skeletal System
• Bone Classification and Structure
• Bone Formation and Development
• Fractures: Bone Repair
• Exercise, Nutrition, Hormones and Bone Tissue
• Calcium Homeostasis  

Anatomy & Physiology Module 4
Axial Skeleton and Appendicular Skeleton   

• Divisions of the Skeletal System
• The Skull
• The Vertebral Column
• The Thoracic Cage
• Embryonic Development of the Axial Skeleton
• The Pectoral Girdle
• Bones of the Upper Limb
• The Pelvic Girdle and Pelvis
• Bones of the Lower Limb
• Development of the Appendicular Skeleton 

Anatomy & Physiology Module 5   
Joint and Muscle Tissue

• Classification of Joints
• Fibrous Joints
• Cartilaginous Joints
• Synovial Joints
• Types of Body Movements
• Development of Joints
• Skeletal Muscle
• Muscle Fiber Contraction and Relaxation
• Nervous System Control of Muscle Tension
• Cardiac Muscle Tissue

Anatomy & Physiology Module 6    
The Muscular System, Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

• Interactions of the Skeletal Muscles
• Naming Skeletal Muscles
• Axial Muscles of the Head, Neck and Back
• Axial Muscles of the Abdominal Wall and Thorax
• Muscles of the Pectoral Girdle and Upper Limbs
• Structure and Function of the Nervous System
• Function of Nervous Tissue
• Action Potential
• Communication Between Nerves

Anatomy & Physiology Module 7  
Anatomy of the Nervous System and Somatic Nervous System 

• The Embryologic Perspective
• The Central Nervous System
• Circulation and the Central Nervous System
• The Peripheral Nervous System
• Sensory Processing
• Central Processing
• Motor Responses

Anatomy & Physiology Module 8   
Autonomic Nervous System and Neurological Exam

• Divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System
• Autonomic Reflexes and Homeostasis
• Central Control
• Drugs that Affect the Autonomic System
• Overview of the Neurological Exam
• Mental Status Exam
• Cranial Nerve Exam
• Sensory and Motor Exams
• Coordination and Gait Exams

Anatomy & Physiology Module 9    
Endocrine and Cardiovascular System: Blood 

• Hormones
• Pituitary Gland and Hypothalamus
• Thyroid Gland
• Parathyroid Gland
• Adrenal Gland
• Pineal Gland
• Gonadal and Placental Hormones
• An Overview of Blood
• Production of the Formed Elements
• Erythrocytes, Leukocytes and Platelets
• Hemostasis

Anatomy & Physiology Module 10    
Cardiovascular System: The Heart and Blood Vessels and Circulation   

• Heart Anatomy
• Cardiac Muscle and Electrical Activity
• Cardiac Cycle
• Cardiac Physiology
• Development of the Heart
• Structure and Function of Blood Vessels
• Blood Flow, Blood Pressure and Resistance
• Capillary Exchange
• Homeostatic Regulation of the Vascular System
• Development of Blood Vessels and Fetal Circulation

Anatomy & Physiology Module 11   
Lymphatic, Immune System and Respiratory System

• Barrier Defenses and Innate Immune Response
• Adaptive Immune System: T lymphocytes and Their Functional Types
• Adaptive Immune System: B-lymphocytes and Antibodies
• The Immune Response against Pathogens
• Diseases Associated with Depressed or Overactive Immune Responses
• Transplantation and Cancer Immunology
• Organs and Structures of the Respiratory System
• The Lungs
• The Process of Breathing
• Gas Exchange

Anatomy & Physiology Module 12    
The Digestive System and Metabolism and Nutrition   

• Digestive System Processes and Regulation
• The Mouth, Pharynx and Esophagus
• The Stomach
• The Small and Large Intestines
• Accessory Organs in Digestion: The Liver, Pancreas and Gallbladder
• Chemical Digestion and Absorption
• Carbohydrate Metabolism
• Lipid and Protein Metabolism
• Metabolic States of the Body
• Energy and Heat Balance

Anatomy & Physiology Module 13    
The Urinary System, Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance

• Physical Characteristics of Urine
• Gross Anatomy of Urine Transport and Kidney
• Physiology of Urine Reformation
• Tubular Reabsorption
• Regulation of Renal Blood Flow
• Body Fluids and Fluid Compartments
• Water Balance
• Electrolyte Balance
• Acid-Base Balance
• Disorders of Acid-Base Balance

Anatomy & Physiology Module 14    
The Reproductive System, Development and Inheritance

• Anatomy of the Male Reproductive System
• Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System
• Development of the Male and Female Reproductive Systems
• Fertilization
• Embryonic Development
• Fetal Development
• Maternal Changes During Pregnancy, Labor and Birth
• Adjustments of the Infant at Birth and Postnatal Stages
• Lactation
• Patterns of Inheritance

**Outlines are subject to change, as courses and materials are updated.**